課本中不會教你的[A]41、all，whole，entire和total

41　all，whole，entire和total

① all著重“整體”，或由個體組成的“全部”。

Henry's shirts all are white. (誤)

All Henry's shirts are white. (正)亨利的襯衣都是白的。

Henry's shirts are all white. (正)

② whole著重“完整的”整體，無一缺少，常用來修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，不可數(shù)名詞或集體名詞，須放在冠詞(a，an，the)、單數(shù)指示代詞(this，that)，所有格(my，Mary's)和數(shù)詞之后。

Whole that month was wasted. 誤)

That whole month was wasted. (正) 那整整一個月都浪費掉了。

All the money has been spent. 所有的錢都花光了。

The whole money has been spent.

All the Chinese people love peace. 全體中國人都熱愛和平。

The whole Chinese people love peace.

Whole the room is clean and tidy. (誤)

The whole room is clean and tidy. (正)整個房間都清潔整齊。

He gave his whole attention to studying plants. 他專心致志于研究植物。

the whole youth of the nation 全國青年

③ all與whole不同位置的再比較：

all the city→the whole city

all the world→the whole world

all the year→the whole year

all the morning→the whole morning

但有時含義不同：

all China 指全中國人民

the whole of China 指中國的全部領土

④ whole不可修飾代詞或專有名詞。

the whole it (誤)

the whole of it (正)

the whole China (誤)

the whole of China (正)

比較正誤：

all the hour (誤)

the whole hour (正)

all the century (誤)

the whole century (正)⑤ whole表示“一切的，全體的”時，一般不可同普通名詞復數(shù)連用，而all則可以。

the whole desks (誤)

the whole of desks (誤)

all(of)the desks (正)所有的桌子

⑥ whole有時也修飾被看成一個整體的復數(shù)名詞，表示“整整的”，也表示“多數(shù)”，但前面不可加定冠詞。

five whole weeks 整整五個星期

whole forests 成片的森林

whole cities 多數(shù)城市

It has rained for whole five hours. (誤)

It has rained for five whole hours. (正)雨已經(jīng)整整下了五個小時。

She stayed here for four whole days. 她在這里整整待了四天。

⑦ the whole of表示“全部的，整個的”，后可接單數(shù)名詞，集體名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。

We have not heard the whole of the story yet. 這個故事我們還沒有聽完呢。

I lived here for the whole of a year. 我在這里住了整整一年。

The whole of her family was killed. 她全家都遇害了。

He left the whole of his money in the bank. 他把所有的錢都存在了銀行里。(也可說 the whole of one's savings 某人的全部儲蓄)

⑧ entire有“齊全無缺”之意，達到不可減少也不可增加的程度，語氣比whole強。

The entire sky is clear blue. 整個天空都是湛藍的。

She had almost never been sick during her entire life. 她一生中幾乎從沒病過。

I'm in entire ignorance of what he did. 我對他的所作所為一概不知。

提示

某些不可數(shù)名詞前可用entire，不可用whole，但有時用兩者均可。

my entire confidence (正)

my whole confidence (誤)

the entire/whole energy 全部精力

the whole/entire population 全民

⑨ total指把一切都計算在內的“全部”，表示數(shù)量或程度。

The whole village was in total silence. 整個村莊一片沉寂。

What's the total population of China?中國的總人口有多少?