莎士比亞最有名的十四行詩

十四行詩(英語：Sonnet)，音譯商籟，是一種定型詩的類型。 十四行詩的原始字面意思，是小詩、小歌謠的意思。源于意大利民間的，文藝復(fù)興初期時(shí)盛行于整個(gè)歐洲，其結(jié)構(gòu)十分嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，分為上下兩部分，上段為八行，下段為六行，每行十一個(gè)音節(jié)，韻腳排列：abba abba,cdc ded。

莎士比亞的十四行詩的結(jié)構(gòu)卻更嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，他將十四個(gè)詩行分為兩部分，第一部分為三個(gè)四行，第二部分為兩行，每行十個(gè)音節(jié)，韻腳為：abab,cdcd,efef,gg。這樣的格式后來被稱為“莎士比亞式”或“伊麗莎白式”。

SONNET18

Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?

Thou art more lovely and more temperate:

Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,

And summer's lease hath all too short a date:

Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,

And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;

And every fair from fair sometime declines,

By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimm'd;

But thy eternal summer shall not fade

Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;

Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade,

When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st;

So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,

So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

梁宗岱 譯 -莎士比亞-十四行詩集

一八

我怎么能夠把你來比作夏天?

你不獨(dú)比它可愛也比它溫婉：

狂風(fēng)把五月寵愛的嫩蕊作踐，

夏天出賃的期限又未免太短：

天上的眼睛有時(shí)照得太酷烈，

它那炳耀的金顏又常遭掩蔽：

被機(jī)緣或無常的天道所摧折，

沒有芳艷不終于雕殘或銷毀。

但是你的長夏永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)雕落，

也不會(huì)損失你這皎潔的紅芳，

或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊，

當(dāng)你在不朽的詩里與時(shí)同長。

只要一天有人類，或人有眼睛，

這詩將長存，并且賜給你生命。

現(xiàn)在，讀完詩，我們再來說說對莎士比亞十四行詩第18首的解釋， 通俗的說法是莎士比亞寫給一個(gè)他愛慕的人(女人或男人)，說其美麗象永恒的夏天，永不衰退。你怎么看?

PARAPHRASE

Shall I compare you to a summer's day?

You are more lovely and more constant:

Rough winds shake the beloved buds of May

And summer is far too short:

At times the sun is too hot,

Or often goes behind the clouds;

And everything beautiful sometime will lose its beauty,

By misfortune or by nature's planned out course.

But your youth shall not fade,

Nor will you lose the beauty that you possess;

Nor will death claim you for his own,

Because in my eternal verse you will live forever.

So long as there are people on this earth,

So long will this poem live on, making you immortal.

Shall I compare you to a summer's day?